1st-order ground-state shift for λx⁴ perturbation of harmonic oscillator

Layer 1 — Physicsin the perturbation-theory subtree

Textbook Bender-Wu problem: H_0 = (p̂² + ω²x̂²)/2 plus V = λ·x̂⁴. Evaluate ⟨0|x̂⁴|0⟩ using x̂ = (â+â†)/√(2mω): x̂⁴ = (â+â†)⁴ / (4m²ω²) = (terms). Expanding (â+â†)⁴ and taking ⟨0|·|0⟩ keeps only terms with equal numbers of â's and â†'s:…

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