Cohen-Tannoudji 1989 / Dalibard-Cohen-Tannoudji 1989: Sisyphus + polarization-gradient + VSCPT cooling mechanisms reach below the Doppler limit kT > hbar Gamma /2 down to recoil temperatures; Nobel 1997 (Chu / Phillips / Cohen-Tannoudji).
Cohen-Tannoudji 1989 / Dalibard-Cohen-Tannoudji 1989: Sisyphus + polarization-gradient + VSCPT cooling mechanisms reach below the Doppler limit kT > hbar Gamma /2 down to recoil temperatures; Nobel 1997 (Chu / Phillips / Cohen-Tannoudji).