Sympy-exact closed-form verification of Binet's 1843 formula for the Fibonacci recurrence F_{n+2} = F_{n+1} + F_n with F_0 = 0, F_1 = 1. Characteristic polynomial λ² − λ − 1 = 0 has roots φ = (1 + √5)/2 (golden ratio) and ψ = (1 − √5)/2;…
Sympy-exact closed-form verification of Binet's 1843 formula for the Fibonacci recurrence F_{n+2} = F_{n+1} + F_n with F_0 = 0, F_1 = 1. Characteristic polynomial λ² − λ − 1 = 0 has roots φ = (1 + √5)/2 (golden ratio) and ψ = (1 − √5)/2;…