One-layer: T_s⁴ − 2T_e⁴ ≡ 0 (exact polynomial identity)

Closed-form polynomial identity of the one-layer grey-atmosphere model. Setting T_s = 2^(1/4)·T_e and expanding T_s⁴ − 2T_e⁴ gives exactly 0 — a literal polynomial zero, not a numerically-small residual. Sympy symbolic check:…