Isothermal work: W = −n·R·T·log(V_f/V_i)

Layer 1 — Physicsin the high-pressure-physics subtree

For an ideal-gas isothermal process (T fixed, heat exchanged with reservoir), the work done ON the gas is W = −∫(V_i→V_f) P dV = −n·R·T·log(V_f/V_i) (using PV = nRT to express P(V)). Sign conventions: W > 0 means work done on the gas…

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