Friction-scaling evaluations: k(2γ)/k(γ) = 1/2 exactly (doubling friction halves the rate); γ·k is γ-independent: γ·k = (ω_a·ω_b/2π)·exp(−E_b/kT) (the Kramers invariant). Canonical pins: full k symbolic form; ratio at 2γ (1/2); γ·k…
Friction-scaling evaluations: k(2γ)/k(γ) = 1/2 exactly (doubling friction halves the rate); γ·k is γ-independent: γ·k = (ω_a·ω_b/2π)·exp(−E_b/kT) (the Kramers invariant). Canonical pins: full k symbolic form; ratio at 2γ (1/2); γ·k…