LIF neuron: τ_m·dV/dt = -(V-V_rest) + R·I(t); fire when V≥V_th, reset to V_r

Lapicque 1907 leaky-integrate-and-fire neuron. Membrane potential evolves as a linear first-order ODE τ_m·dV/dt = -(V − V_rest) + R·I(t), where τ_m = R·C_m is the membrane time constant (~10–20 ms biological; ~1 μs analog VLSI), R is…