For conjugate flux–force pairs J_i = Σ_j L_{ij} X_j near equilibrium, L_{ij} = L_{ji} under time-reversal symmetry. Basis of near-equilibrium thermodynamics; earns Onsager the 1968 Nobel.
For conjugate flux–force pairs J_i = Σ_j L_{ij} X_j near equilibrium, L_{ij} = L_{ji} under time-reversal symmetry. Basis of near-equilibrium thermodynamics; earns Onsager the 1968 Nobel.