Reverse mathematics

Layer 0 — Mathematicsin the formal-systems-limits subtree

Friedman/Simpson programme: for each mathematical theorem φ, identify the minimal set-existence axioms over RCA₀ required to prove φ. The 'big five' (RCA₀, WKL₀, ACA₀, ATR₀, Π¹₁-CA₀) classify most of classical mathematics.

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