Ribosomes incorporate amino acids with error rate ~10⁻³ to 10⁻⁴ per codon via two-step kinetic proofreading (Hopfield 1974; Ninio 1975): initial discrimination on aa-tRNA codon-anticodon pairing + GTP-hydrolysis-gated second discrimination…
Ribosomes incorporate amino acids with error rate ~10⁻³ to 10⁻⁴ per codon via two-step kinetic proofreading (Hopfield 1974; Ninio 1975): initial discrimination on aa-tRNA codon-anticodon pairing + GTP-hydrolysis-gated second discrimination…