Surface code: p_L ~ A (p/p_th)^⌊(d+1)/2⌋ — suppression ratio d^(1/2) per extra code distance

Layer 1 — Physicsin the quantum-error-correction subtree

Fowler-Mariantoni-Martinis-Cleland 2012 / Wang-Fowler-Hollenberg 2011 analysis: a distance-d surface code corrects ⌊(d−1)/2⌋ errors and — below threshold — has logical error rate per round p_L(d, p) ≈ A·(p/p_th)^((d+1)/2) where A is a…

Related concepts

Surface code: stabilizers are local 4-body plaquettes + vertices on a 2D lattice
Threshold theorem: p < p_th ⇒ concatenated encoding drives logical error to 0 exponentially

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