Toroidal + poloidal B-fields wind on nested flux surfaces; plasma current provides poloidal. ITER (500 MW, Q=10, 2035). Tile/divertor/blanket engineering.
Tokamak magnetic confinement
Related concepts
- Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
- Magnetic plasma confinement
- Stellarator optimized fields
- Bohm diffusion
- Lawson triple product: nτT ≥ 3·10²¹ keV·s/m³ for DT ignition at T ≈ 10-25 keV
- Greenwald density limit: n̄_G = I_p/(π a²) · 10²⁰ m⁻³ (I_p in MA, a in m)
- Troyon β limit: β_max[%] = β_N · I_p/(a·B) with β_N ≤ 2.8 for ideal MHD
- Bootstrap current: self-generated toroidal current ∝ ε^{1/2}·(dp/dψ)
- Edge-localized mode (ELM): H-mode pedestal relaxation via peeling-ballooning