Wiedemann-Franz law: κ/(σT) = π²k_B²/(3e²)

Layer 1 — Physicsin the mesoscopic-physics subtree

Wiedemann-Franz 1853 empirical law — for pure metals the ratio of thermal to electrical conductivity is proportional to temperature, with a material-independent constant of proportionality. Lorenz 1872 clarified the universality;…

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