Williams-Nesse 1991 founding; mismatch hypothesis; Williams antagonistic pleiotropy; Haig fetus-mother conflict; Van Valen Red Queen; helminth hygiene hypothesis; bacterial AMR evolution; Nowell tumour clonal evolution; Tishkoff lactase…
Evolutionary Medicine
Williams-Nesse Darwinian medicine
Williams-Nesse 1991 Q Rev Biol; Why We Get Sick; argued evolutionary perspective essential to medicine; founded modern…
Evolutionary mismatch
Eaton-Konner-Shostak 1988; bodies adapted to ancestral environment now mismatched with industrial diet/sedentary lifestyle; obesity,…
Williams antagonistic pleiotropy
Williams 1957 Evolution; alleles increasing early-life fitness can reduce late-life fitness; selection cannot purge despite senescence cost.
Haig genomic-imprinting conflict
Haig 1993 Q Rev Biol; parent-of-origin imprinting reflects maternal-paternal genetic conflict over fetal resource demand; imprinted-gene…
Van Valen Red Queen hypothesis
Van Valen 1973 Evol Theory 1:1; coevolutionary arms race between hosts and pathogens imposes constant evolutionary pressure; explains sex's…
Life-history immunity tradeoffs
McDade-Georgiev-Kuzawa 2016; energetic limits force tradeoffs among growth, reproduction, immunity; predicts immune-function variation with…
Sickness behaviour as adaptation
Hart 1988; fever, lethargy, anorexia coordinated host responses; energetic redirection and pathogen suppression; selection-shaped not…
Strachan hygiene-hypothesis (helminth)
Strachan 1989 BMJ; reduced early-life microbial/helminth exposure correlates with atopic disease; reformulated as old-friends / helminth…
Antimicrobial-resistance evolution
Davies-Davies 2010 Microbiol Mol Biol Rev; bacterial antibiotic resistance evolved rapidly post-1940s; horizontal gene transfer accelerates…
Nowell tumour clonal evolution
Nowell 1976 Science 194:23; tumours undergo Darwinian clonal evolution; mutation + selection within somatic tissue; explains heterogeneity…
Lactase-persistence coevolution
Tishkoff et al 2007 Nat Genet; convergent LCT regulatory variants in dairying European and African populations; gene-culture coevolution…
Sickle-cell / malaria balance
Allison 1954; HbS heterozygote advantage in P. falciparum-endemic regions; classical balanced-polymorphism textbook example.
Pontzer evolutionary energetics
Pontzer 2017 Am J Hum Biol; total energy expenditure constrained; obesogenic intake rather than activity drives obesity; reframes mismatch.
Hawkes grandmother hypothesis
Hawkes-O'Connell-Blurton-Jones 1989; post-reproductive females' inclusive fitness via grandmaternal investment selects for menopause and…
Profet toxin-defence hypotheses
Profet 1991-1992 Q Rev Biol; pregnancy nausea and allergy interpreted as evolved toxin-defence systems; controversial but generative…
Andrews-Thomson analytical-rumination
Andrews-Thomson 2009 Psychol Rev; depressed mood as adaptation for sustained analysis of complex problems; contested; influential…
Trivers parental investment
Trivers 1972; parental-investment theory; sex with greater investment is choosier; explains sexual selection asymmetries across taxa.
Evolutionary public health
Stearns-Koella 2008 ed.; integration of evolutionary insight into chronic disease, infectious disease, child development, and population…